Chapter: On Trust in Allah

باب فی التوکل — توکل کے بارے میں

بَابٌ فِي التَّوَكُّلِ

قَالَ اللّٰهُ تَعَالٰى: وَمَنْ يَّتَوَكَّلْ عَلَى اللّٰهِ فَهُوَ حَسْبُهٗ ۔

(al-Ṭalāq 65:3)

Vocabulary: wa-man yatawakkal ʿalā Allāh — and whoever places his tawakkul (reliance) on Allah, trusts in Him, leaves his affairs to Him; fa-huwa ḥasbuhu — then Allah is enough for him, sufficient for all his needs.

Translation: Allah Most High says: And whoever relies on Allah, then Allah is enough for him (is sufficient).

وَقَالَ اللّٰهُ تَعَالٰى: وَعَلَى اللّٰهِ فَلْيَتَوَكَّلِ الْمُؤْمِنُوْنَ ۔

(Āl ʿImrān 3:122)

Vocabulary: wa-ʿalā Allāh — and upon Allah alone; fa-l-yatawakkali al-muʾminūn — so the believers should rely [on Him], the Muslims should place their trust.

Translation: Allah Most High says: And the believers should rely upon Allah. (They should use the outward means which the order of means requires, but keep their reliance on God; success and failure are all in His hand.)

وَقَالَ اللّٰهُ تَعَالٰى: وَقَالَ مُوْسٰى يٰقَوْمِ اِنْ كُنْتُمْ اٰمَنْتُمْ بِاللّٰهِ فَعَلَيْهِ تَوَكَّلُوْٓا اِنْ كُنْتُمْ مُّسْلِمِيْنَ ۔

(Yūnus 10:84)

Vocabulary: wa-qāla Mūsā — and Mūsā said; yā qawmi — O my people! O people!; in kuntum āmantum bi-llāh — if you are believers, have faith in Allah; fa-ʿalayhi tawakkalū — then trust in God, place your reliance on Him; in kuntum muslimīn — if you are Muslims, obedient to God's command, having handed yourselves over to God.

Translation: Allah Most High says: And Mūsā [peace be upon him] said: O people! If you believe in Allah, then rely on Him (trust in Him), if you are Muslims (that is, if along with correct belief you also have righteous action).

عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللّٰهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُوْلَ اللّٰهِ صَلَّى اللّٰهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُوْلُ لَوْ اَنَّكُمْ تَتَوَكَّلُوْنَ عَلَى اللّٰهِ حَقَّ تَوَكُّلِهٖ لَرَزَقَكُمْ كَمَا يَرْزُقُ الطَّيْرَ تَغْدُوْ خِمَاصًا وَّتَرُوْحُ بِطَانًا ۔

(Reported by al-Tirmidhī and Ibn Mājah; Mishkāt al-Maṣābīḥ.)

Vocabulary: law annakum tatawakkalūn — if you were to trust; ḥaqqa tawakkulihi — as trust ought to be; taghdū khimāṣan — …

… goes out in the morning with an empty stomach (hungry); wa-tarūḥu biṭānan — comes back in the evening with a full stomach.

Translation: Ḥaḍrat ʿUmar ibn al-Khaṭṭāb (may Allah be pleased with him) said: I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ [say]: If you were to trust in Allah as one ought to trust, then just as the birds are given provision, He would give it to you too: they go out in the morning with empty stomachs and return in the evening with full stomachs. (al-Tirmidhī, Ibn Mājah; Mishkāt al-Maṣābīḥ)

عَنْ اَبِيْ هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللّٰهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُوْلُ اللّٰهِ صَلَّى اللّٰهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ اَلْمُؤْمِنُ الْقَوِيُّ خَيْرٌ وَّاَحَبُّ اِلَى اللّٰهِ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِ الضَّعِيْفِ وَفِيْ كُلٍّ خَيْرٌ اِحْرِصْ عَلٰى مَا يَنْفَعُكَ وَاسْتَعِنْ بِاللّٰهِ وَلَا تَعْجِزْ وَاِنْ اَصَابَكَ شَيْءٌ فَلَا تَقُلْ لَوْ اَنِّيْ فَعَلْتُ كَذَا كَانَ كَذَا وَلٰكِنْ قُلْ قَدَرُ اللّٰهِ وَمَا شَاءَ فَعَلَ فَاِنَّ "لَوْ" تَفْتَحُ عَمَلَ الشَّيْطٰنِ ۔

(Reported by Muslim.)

Vocabulary: iḥriṣ — be eager, desire; wa-staʿin bi-llāh — and ask help of Allah; wa-lā taʿjiz — and do not sit back helpless; law annī faʿaltu — if only I had done such; qadaru Allāh — Allah has decreed it.

Translation: Ḥaḍrat Abū Hurayra (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: The Prophet ﷺ said: The strong believer is better, or more beloved to Allah, than the weak believer, and there is good in each of them. Be eager for that which benefits you, and seek help from Allah, and do not sit back helpless. And if some calamity reaches you, do not say, "If only I had done this, then such would have happened"; rather say that Allah Most High decreed (this) and He did what He willed. For the word "if only" opens the way for Shayṭān.

عَنِ ابْنِ مَسْعُوْدٍ رَضِيَ اللّٰهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُوْلُ اللّٰهِ صَلَّى اللّٰهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ اَيُّهَا النَّاسُ لَيْسَ مِنْ شَيْءٍ يُّقَرِّبُكُمْ اِلَى الْجَنَّةِ وَيُبَاعِدُكُمْ مِنَ النَّارِ اِلَّا قَدْ اَمَرْتُكُمْ بِهٖ وَلَيْسَ شَيْءٌ يُّقَرِّبُكُمْ مِنَ النَّارِ وَيُبَاعِدُكُمْ مِنَ الْجَنَّةِ اِلَّا قَدْ نَهَيْتُكُمْ عَنْهُ وَاِنَّ الرُّوْحَ الْاَمِيْنَ وَفِيْ رِوَايَةٍ وَاِنَّ رُوْحَ الْقُدُسِ نَفَثَ فِيْ رُوْعِيْ اَنَّ نَفْسًا لَّنْ تَمُوْتَ حَتّٰى تَسْتَكْمِلَ رِزْقَهَا فَاتَّقُوا اللّٰهَ وَاَجْمِلُوْا فِي الطَّلَبِ وَلَا يَحْمِلَنَّكُمُ اسْتِبْطَاءُ الرِّزْقِ اَنْ تَطْلُبُوْهُ بِمَعَاصِي اللّٰهِ فَاِنَّهٗ لَا يُدْرَكُ مَا عِنْدَ اللّٰهِ اِلَّا بِطَاعَتِهٖ ۔

(Reported in Sharḥ al-Sunna, and by al-Bayhaqī in Shuʿab al-Īmān; likewise [Mishkāt al-Maṣābīḥ].)

Vocabulary: anna nafsan lan tamūta — that no soul will ever die; ḥattā tastakmila — until it completes.

Translation: Ḥaḍrat Ibn Masʿūd (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: The Prophet ﷺ said: O people! There is nothing that brings you near to Paradise and takes you far from the Fire but that I have commanded it to you; and there is nothing that brings you near to the Fire and takes you far from Paradise but that I have forbidden it to you. And indeed al-Rūḥ al-Amīn — and in one narration, indeed al-Rūḥ al-Qudus — has breathed into my heart that no soul will die until it has completed its provision. So fear Allah, and adopt a good

[reading uncertain]

manner in acquiring things, and let the slowness of provision not incite you to seek it through disobedience to Allah; for that which is with Allah cannot be attained without obedience to Him.

عَنْ اَبِيْ ذَرٍّ رَضِيَ اللّٰهُ عَنْهُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللّٰهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ اَلزَّهَادَةُ لَيْسَتْ بِتَحْرِيْمِ الْحَلَالِ وَلَا اِضَاعَةِ الْمَالِ وَلٰكِنِ الزَّهَادَةُ اَنْ لَّا تَكُوْنَ بِمَا فِيْ يَدَيْكَ اَوْثَقَ بِمَا فِيْ يَدِ اللّٰهِ وَاَنْ تَكُوْنَ فِيْ ثَوَابِ الْمُصِيْبَةِ اِذَا اَنْتَ اُصِبْتَ بِهَا اَرْغَبَ فِيْهَا لَوْ اَنَّهَا اُبْقِيَتْ لَكَ ۔

(Reported by al-Tirmidhī and Ibn Mājah.)

Vocabulary: bi-taḥrīm al-ḥalāl — by making the lawful unlawful [for oneself]; iḍāʿat al-māl — wasting wealth (that is, spending wealth on charity).

[reading uncertain] on charity)"; the word صرف may be "only" or "to spend"; Dr. Ghazi to confirm the intended sense | (یعنی مال کو صرف خیرات کرنا)]

Translation: It is narrated from Ḥaḍrat Abū Dharr (may Allah be pleased with him) that he said that the Prophet ﷺ said: Zuhd (renunciation) is not making the lawful unlawful [for oneself], nor wasting wealth; rather zuhd is that what is in your own hand should not be more worthy of your trust than what is in Allah's hand; and that when some calamity comes upon you, you should be so desirous of the reward of that calamity that [you would wish] it had (and for a few more days) remained with you.

وَعَنْ اَنَسٍ رَضِيَ اللّٰهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ كَانَ اَخَوَانِ عَلٰى عَهْدِ رَسُوْلِ اللّٰهِ صَلَّى اللّٰهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَكَانَ اَحَدُهُمَا يَاْتِي النَّبِيَّ ﷺ وَالْاٰخَرُ يَحْتَرِفُ فَشَكَا الْمُحْتَرِفُ اَخَاهُ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللّٰهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ لَعَلَّكَ تُرْزَقُ بِهٖ ۔

Translation: And it is narrated from Ḥaḍrat Anas (may Allah be pleased with him): He said that in the time of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ there were two brothers. One of them used to come to the Prophet ﷺ, and the other followed some trade. The one who followed a trade complained about his brother to the Prophet ﷺ. He said: It may be that you are given provision because of him.

عَنْ اَبِيْ ذَرٍّ رَضِيَ اللّٰهُ عَنْهُ اَنَّ رَسُوْلَ اللّٰهِ صَلَّى اللّٰهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ اِنِّيْ اَعْلَمُ اٰيَةً لَّوْ اَخَذَ النَّاسُ لَكَفَتْهُمْ "وَمَنْ يَّتَّقِ اللّٰهَ يَجْعَلْ لَّهٗ مَخْرَجًا وَّيَرْزُقْهُ مِنْ حَيْثُ لَا يَحْتَسِبُ" ۔

(Reported by Aḥmad, Ibn Mājah and al-Dārimī.)

Vocabulary: min ḥaythu lā yaḥtasib — from where he does not even imagine.

Translation: It is narrated from Ḥaḍrat Abū Dharr (may Allah be pleased with him): The Prophet ﷺ said: I know a verse which, if people were to hold fast to it (act upon it), would suffice them: "And whoever fears Allah, He makes a way out for him and provides for him from where he does not expect" (al-Ṭalāq 65:2[–3]) — that is, whoever fears God (and adopts taqwā, God-consciousness), He will surely create some way out for him, and (Allah) delivers provision to him from a place of which he had no thought or supposition.

[reading uncertain]

عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللّٰهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ قَالَ رَسُوْلُ اللّٰهِ صَلَّى اللّٰهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَدْخُلُ الْجَنَّةَ مِنْ اُمَّتِيْ سَبْعُوْنَ اَلْفًا بِغَيْرِ حِسَابٍ هُمُ الَّذِيْنَ لَا يَسْتَرْقُوْنَ وَلَا يَتَطَيَّرُوْنَ وَعَلٰى رَبِّهِمْ يَتَوَكَّلُوْنَ ۔

(Agreed upon [al-Bukhārī and Muslim]; Mishkāt al-Maṣābīḥ.)

Translation: It is narrated from Ḥaḍrat Ibn ʿAbbās (may Allah be pleased with him): The Prophet ﷺ said: Seventy (70) thousand people of my umma (community) will enter Paradise without reckoning, and these will be the people who neither practise incantations nor take bad omens, but rather trust in their Lord.

عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللّٰهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ خَرَجَ رَسُوْلُ اللّٰهِ صَلَّى اللّٰهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَوْمًا فَقَالَ "عُرِضَتْ عَلَيَّ الْاُمَمُ فَجَعَلَ يَمُرُّ النَّبِيُّ وَمَعَهُ الرَّجُلُ وَالنَّبِيُّ مَعَهُ الرَّجُلَانِ وَالنَّبِيُّ وَمَعَهُ الرَّهْطُ وَالنَّبِيُّ وَلَيْسَ مَعَهٗ اَحَدٌ فَرَاَيْتُ سَوَادًا كَثِيْرًا سَدَّ الْاُفُقَ فَرَجَوْتُ اَنْ يَّكُوْنَ اُمَّتِيْ فَقِيْلَ هٰذَا مُوْسٰى فِيْ قَوْمِهٖ ثُمَّ قِيْلَ لِي انْظُرْ فَرَاَيْتُ سَوَادًا كَثِيْرًا سَدَّ الْاُفُقَ فَقِيْلَ لِي انْظُرْ هٰكَذَا وَهٰكَذَا فَرَاَيْتُ سَوَادًا كَثِيْرًا سَدَّ الْاُفُقَ فَقِيْلَ هٰؤُلَاءِ اُمَّتُكَ وَمَعَ هٰؤُلَاءِ سَبْعُوْنَ اَلْفًا قُدَّامَهُمْ يَدْخُلُوْنَ الْجَنَّةَ بِغَيْرِ حِسَابٍ هُمُ الَّذِيْنَ لَا يَتَطَيَّرُوْنَ وَلَا يَسْتَرْقُوْنَ وَلَا يَكْتَوُوْنَ وَعَلٰى رَبِّهِمْ يَتَوَكَّلُوْنَ فَقَامَ عُكَّاشَةُ بْنُ مِحْصَنٍ فَقَالَ ادْعُ اللّٰهَ اَنْ يَّجْعَلَنِيْ مِنْهُمْ قَالَ اَللّٰهُمَّ اجْعَلْهُ مِنْهُمْ ثُمَّ قَامَ رَجُلٌ اٰخَرُ فَقَالَ ادْعُ اللّٰهَ اَنْ يَّجْعَلَنِيْ مِنْهُمْ قَالَ سَبَقَكَ بِهَا عُكَّاشَةُ" ۔

(Agreed upon [al-Bukhārī and Muslim]; Mishkāt al-Maṣābīḥ.)

Translation: It is narrated from Ḥaḍrat Ibn ʿAbbās (may Allah be pleased with him): He said: One day the Messenger of Allah ﷺ came out and said: The communities were presented before me. A prophet began to pass by, and with him was just one person; and with one prophet were two persons; and with one prophet was a group; and with one prophet there was no one. Then I saw a large multitude and I hoped that this would be my umma; but I was told: This is Mūsā [peace be upon him] among his people. Then I was told: Look! Then I saw a large multitude that had filled the edges of the sky. Then I was told: Look here and there! Then I saw a great gathering that had encompassed all the horizons. Then I was told: This is your umma, and along with them are seventy (70) thousand, ahead of them, who will enter Paradise without reckoning. These will be the ones who do not take bad omens, nor deal in taʿwīdh-amulets and charms, nor have themselves branded (cauterised), but rather trust in their Lord. Then ʿUkkāsha ibn Miḥṣan stood up and submitted: Pray to Allah that He make me one of them. He said: O Allah, make him one of them. Then another person stood up and said: Pray to Allah that He make me one of them too. He said: ʿUkkāsha has gone ahead of you in this.

عَنْ اَنَسٍ رَضِيَ اللّٰهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَجُلٌ لِّرَسُوْلِ اللّٰهِ صَلَّى اللّٰهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ اَعْقِلُهَا وَاَتَوَكَّلُ اَوْ اُطْلِقُهَا وَاَتَوَكَّلُ قَالَ اعْقِلْهَا وَتَوَكَّلْ ۔

(Reported by al-Tirmidhī.)

Translation: It is narrated from Ḥaḍrat Anas (may Allah be pleased with him): A man said to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ: Shall I tie my she-camel's leg and trust [in Allah], or leave her loose and trust? He said: Tie her leg, and trust.