January 1941 — On Mutawatir Hadith, Imam Shafi'i, and Prayer

جنوری ۱۹۴۱

Mutawatir and Yaqini (Certain)

Hazrat Qibla elaborated on the concept of mutawatir hadith and its relationship to certainty (yaqin). He said: 'Actions are judged by intentions' — is a hadith from Umar (may Allah be pleased with him), narrated by many — so it is called ahad. This is why it is called 'ahad' by the name. He said: I will stay near this — narrating by the literal word — I stay near; the narration by meaning is what will become mutawatir — mutawatir by the literal word to those who narrate to those who bow in the four rak'ahs of Zuhr and so forth, and where this came from — this depends on who comes along — one person said a thing, a second said a thing, a third said it in such a way that it became certain — a hadith mutawatir — to try to achieve certainty — I will not fight with these people's words — I will use Ijtihad — when this is against the terminology it becomes wrong — I say this 'mutawatir' is 'not mutawatir' — why 'not mutawatir'? — because 'mutawatir' is 'certainly according to meaning' — 'mutawatir by literal word' is 'means certainty.'

A pregnant woman was taken to a room and after that a child was born — a nurse came and said: Your baby is born — congratulations! — Is it a boy or a girl? — Two men came, a Muslim — where are all these? — This is a general state — this is a special state.

2 January 1941 — Wednesday

The Causes of Imam Shafi'i (Asbaab-e-Shafi'i)

Hazrat said: One thing to remember — a point from Habib Sahib's time — Hyderabad came — he was reading Tarawi behind us — when the time of Hanafi madhab came, the Shafi'i madhab people began standing apart — the others also began standing apart — I was not feeling like saying a word in my heart, but the atmosphere was such that from the Jama' style (in Abu Musa al-Ash'ari from Amr ibn al-As he used to say) both of them have been produced to expel — the two non-Muslim people to announce: Give both the non-believers to exile — and say Ali: pull out — and it was so that they would say it to each other similarly to how Hazrat Ali had it — and Amr ibn al-As, saying at the same time (a discussion in the general gathering) they would say to both — those people would say (to their own people) — like this the matter was Dismissed — civil war began — the opportunity came to lament — people said: Who can remove Mawla? Who can remove Amr ibn al-As? It is a crowd.

Three Khawarij took up arms — Muawiya ibn Abi Sufyan, Amr ibn al-As, and Ali ibn Abi Talib — they would strike against (divine) decree — Hazrat Ali was struck — Hazrat Ali's murderer was Khawarij by faction — but after that, Amr ibn al-As came — he was not coming to prayers — they were both falling — Hazrat Ali's religious people (Muawiya) were political — Hazrat Imam Hasan's followers (Muawiya) were political — for their part the followers of Muawiya could not be seen with the corrupt ones — they said (to their own people): You serve the din — and it began — thus Qadiri disposition is that it is all Ibn Ali Talib's learning and policy and politics — the governance is continuing there — but its deceivers — where is it now? — It happened that Imam Hasan and Muawiya's discussion (musalhat) was agreed upon — when Imam Hasan came to tell that the government would be given — people were coming and saying to Hasan: The government should be given — and Hasan said to us by saying: You have blackened the face of Muslims — then Hazrat Hasan entered into negotiations with Muawiya and said: You must promise — Hazrat Hasan stated his condition that he would be allowed to go and appoint his own successors — [The passage continues, and the source text is partially garbled at this point; the historical record shows that Imam Hasan eventually concluded a peace treaty with Muawiya and handed over governance.]

The Caliphate Cannot Remain — Peace Cannot Be Established

The caliphate cannot remain; peace cannot be established. The benefit of doubt (shubha): The principle is that giving benefit of the doubt (shubha) in court gives the accused protection — and the guardian with the doubt is caught and released.

Talha and Zubayr (continued)

Hazrat Talha and Zubayr — the Battle of Jamal — I was on Hazrat Ali's side at first (the beginning, i.e., at Jamal) — Talha and Zubayr were the companions of Abu Bakr — they are of the ten (blessed ones) — Zubayr and also of the ten — Asma bint Abu Bakr was the wife of Zubayr ibn Awwam — and Abu Bakr's daughter Asma — Zubayr ibn al-Awwam was very brave — Zubayr ibn al-Awwam is very brave.

Mughira ibn Shu'ba — Removal

Muawiya wanted to remove Mughira. All things indicate that Mughira had grown old. There was a situation that if Yazid was not made obedient to Muawiya then Muawiya would have him killed — Hazrat Ali refused and the people also began to speak — (all their illegal actions) — Hazrat Ali says: Watch — I am one who removes the right from the murtadeen — give the zakat to those who do not give — I do not implement any of the shari'ah's orders — people came and said that Uthman's killers cannot be left with blood recompense — all were gathered — they said: Do justice — Hazrat Ali, Hazrat Umar and Abu Bakr — came — all gathered — Hazrat and others said: Do justice — Hazrat Ali said: Both come from different sides — started — the war began (Battle of Jamal became so) — Ali ibn Abi Talib wanted this — the war was not for Hazrat Ali — all were going to fight — they all gathered to fight — Hazrat Umar's time also had no civil war — the reason is that in their times the troops' attention was more toward fighting the external enemy — in the time of fighting against the external enemy the civil war does not happen — when they sat down and began to relax the civil war started — Abu Bakr Siddiq fought the apostates — not those who give — we want to implement one of the shari'ah's orders — the reason: Hazrat Ali's personal piety was such that you see — when you see the lion — where was he? — We see through our own eyes — people became impressed by Bahadur Khan. So also with this — it is the effect of the appearance of personal greatness.

3 January 1941 — Wednesday

The Causes of Imam Shafi'i — Follow-up

One thing to remember — Habib Sahib's time — when Shafi'i madhab people were praying alongside — I was not feeling that I should say a word about my heart, my feelings — but the people said that when Shafi'i people pray Sunnah the two rak'ahs after Zuhr, the Hanafi people say they have finished — he turns once — then he turns for another rak'ah for salam — he would then come and perform one hadith — he acted on one hadith — (the Jama'at is the hand of Allah on it — is the approval) — I do not act on the hadith — they (Shafi'i people) have already read it.

The Composition for Rising from Sleep — Sitting Together

Hazrat told us: Our experience is — Mawlawi Shuja al-Din Sahib, Hazrat used to have this habit that if a person came he would at that time give him a point — when he arrived he said: Are we lowly? O Allah! — the other way of our family is — our nana Hazrat and Khwaja Mian's father and murshid (he was the father and murshid) used to say: Hey, be careful! Allah's ma'rifat — everyone becomes familiar — when he comes, he becomes a muqarrab — this prayer: Those who come close do not read — those who are close (muqarrab) but those who come close are not — the close are those who come to be known — Muqarrab those who come close are (those who read namaaz become those who come close to Allah) (those who understand it and come close to it are muqarrab).

Completing the Witr Prayer (Tashfi' al-Witr)

This is not a jurisprudential error — it was the Messenger of Allah's (peace be upon him) habit to read the sitting — Mawlawi people read behind him were ignorant of what the Sunna is — people would read the tashfi' al-Witr and say: What is this? — tashfi' al-Witr — after the three rak'ahs, the Messenger of Allah would sit — and then after sitting he would read — where does the Messenger of Allah read after that?

Du'a-e-Qunoot

In the Shafi'i school there is a difference — in Hanafis one difference — Shafi'i people read Qunoot in the Fajr prayer — I was seven years in Shafi'i — seven years ago — the one who was praying behind us — was reading the prayer in a very loud voice — so in hearing Quran from them and also reading Qunoot with them — Qunoot is three narrations: (1) the narration of Hazrat Umar, (2) the narration of Hazrat Abdullah ibn Mas'ud (Hanafi), and the narration of Hazrat Imam Hasan (Shafi'i).