Bab Istihlal al-Haram

Considering Haram Halal and Denying a Fard is Kufr

بَابٌ : اِسْتِحْلَالُ الْحَرَامِ وَ إِنْكَارُ الْفَرْضِ كُفْرٌ وَ اِرْتِكَابُ الْعِصْيَانِ وَ تَرْكُ الْوَاجِبِ كُفْرٌ بِمَعْنَى الْكُفْرَانِ وَ نِفَاقٌ بِمَعْنَى الْمُخَالَفَةِ لِمُقْتَضَى الْإِيْمَانِ *Chapter: Considering haram as halal and denying a fard (obligation) is kufr, and committing disobedience and abandoning a wajib is kufr in the meaning of kufran (ingratitude) and nifaq (hypocrisy) in the meaning of going against the requirement of Iman* (Sometimes the word kufr has also been used for abandoning some obligatory duties. But this word kufr is in the meaning of kufran of blessings and ungratefulness. Sometimes going against the requirement of Iman has been called by the word nifaq. But this word kufr and nifaq is not in the technical meaning).

عَنْ عَبْدِاللَّهِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو قَالَ قَالَ رَسُوْلُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ سَلَّمَ : أَرْبَعٌ مَّنْ كُنَّ فِيْهِ كَانَ مُنَافِقًا خَالِصًا وَمَنْ كَانَتْ فِيْهِ خَصْلَةٌ مِّنْهُنَّ كَانَتْ فِيْهِ خَصْلَةٌ مِّنَ النِّفَاقِ حَتَّى يَدَعَهَا ـ إِذَا اؤْتُمِنَ خَانَ وَ إِذَا حَدَّثَ كَذَبَ ، وَ إِذَا عَاهَدَ غَدَرَ وَ إِذَا خَاصَمَ فَجَرَ - (متفق عليه) Lughat: اُؤْتُمِنَ: he was trusted. خَانَ: committed breach of trust. حَدَّثَ: spoke. كَذَبَ: lied. عَاهَدَ: made a covenant. غَدَرَ: acted treacherously. خَاصَمَ: disputed. فَجَرَ: sinned, acted wickedly. *Translation:- It is narrated from Hazrat Abdullah bin Amr (RA), he said, the Noble Prophet ﷺ said: "There are four such traits that whoever has them in him, he is a pure hypocrite (meaning he acts contrary to the requirement of Iman) and whoever has one of these four traits in him, then he has one trait of hypocrisy in him, until he leaves it (what are those four traits?). When he is trusted with something, he commits a breach of trust in it. And when he speaks, he lies, and when he makes a covenant, he acts treacherously (meaning acts contrary to the covenant). And when he argues or disputes, he acts wickedly and sins." (Imam Bukhari and Imam Muslim both have written this hadith).*

عَنْ عَلْقَمَةَ بْنِ قَيْسٍ رَأَيْتُ عَلِيًّا عَلَى مِنْبَرِالْكُوْفَةِ وَهُوَ يَقُوْلُ سَمِعْتُ رَسُوْلَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُوْلُ : لَايَزْنِى الزَّانِى حِيْنَ يَزْنِى وَهُوَمُؤْمِنٌ وَلَا يَسْرِقُ السَّارِقُ حِيْنَ يَسْرِقُ وَهُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ وَلَا يَشْرَبُ الرَّجُلُ الْخَمْرَ وَهُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ فَقَالَ يَا أَمِيْرَ الْمُؤْمِنِيْنَ ! مَنْ زَنَا فَقَدْ كَفَرَ؟ فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ إِنَّ رَسُوْلَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ سَلَّمَ كَانَ يَأْمُرُنَا أَنْ نُبْهِمَ أَحَادِيْثَ الرُّخَصِ لَايَزْنِى الزَّانِى وَهُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ أَنَّ ذَالِكَ الزِّنَا لَهُ حَلَالٌ فَإِنْ اَمَنَ بِأَنَّهُ لَهُ حَلَالٌ فَقَدْ كَفَرَ وَلَا يَسْرِقُ السَّارِقُ وَهُوَ

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مُؤْمِنٌ بِمِلْكِ السَّرِقَةِ اَنَّهَا لَهُ حَلَالٌ فَإِنْ سَرَقَهَا وَهُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ أَنَّهَا لَهُ حَلَالٌ فَقَدْ كَفَرَ وَلَا يَشْرَبُ الْخَمْرَ حِيْنَ يَشْرَبُهَا وَهُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ أَنَّهَا لَهُ حَلَالٌ فَإِنْ شَرِبَهَا وَهُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ أَنَّهَا لَهُ حَلَالٌ فَقَدْ كَفَرَ وَلَا يَنْتَهِبُ نُهْبَةً ذَاتَ شَرَفٍ يَنْتَهِبُهَا وَهُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ أَنَّهَا لَهُ حَلَالٌ فَقَدْ كَفَرَ - (طب فى الصغير كنز ج 1) الرَّجُلُ: man. اَلْخَمْرُ: wine. اَلرُّخَصُ: permissibilities, concessions. نُهْبَةً: loot, plunder. اِنْتِهَابٌ: to loot. نُبْهِمَ: we keep it ambiguous, do not make it completely clear. *Translation:- It is narrated from Hazrat Alqamah bin Qays, he said, I saw Hazrat Ali (RA) on the pulpit of Kufa saying that I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ saying: "No adulterer commits adultery while he is a believer, and no thief steals while he is a believer, and no man drinks wine while he is a believer." So Alqamah said: "O Amirul Mu'minin! Whoever committed adultery, did he commit kufr?" So Hazrat Ali (RA) said, "Undoubtedly the Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to command us to keep the narrations of concessions ambiguous." (Meaning those matters in which there is an aspect of legal permissibility but there is also a possibility of leading astray in them, and there are undesirable matters regarding them, then the answers to such matters should be kept ambiguous. It is better not to state them.) "No adulterer commits adultery while he is a believer and believes that adultery is halal for him (meaning considering the act of adultery as halal is kufr, not the committing of adultery. Adultery is a major sin, kufr). Therefore, if someone holds this belief that this action i.e. adultery is halal for him, then without doubt considering it as halal is kufr." He commits kufr and no thief steals while he believes that the act of stealing is halal for him. Therefore, if someone steals and holds the belief that stealing is permissible and halal for him, then without doubt he has committed kufr. And no wine-drinker drinks wine when he drinks it believing that wine is halal for him. If he drinks wine considering it as such with certainty, then without doubt he has committed kufr. And no one plunders public wealth while he believes that looting is halal for him. If he believes that looting is halal for him, then without doubt he has committed kufr.* *(This hadith is also in Tabarani, Mu'jam As-Saghir, Kanz al-'Ummal Volume 1. 'Tab' refers to Mu'jam Al-Kabeer of Tabarani, which is a famous book of Hadith).*

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